Jiang Hao-Quan Chinese Martial Arts Institute
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Nanjing Central Martial Arts Academy
Note: The following information and photograph is taken from the article titled "Jiang Hao-Quan and Ch'uan Shih Pa Kua Chang". The article was the feature of the Pa Kua Chang Newsletter (at that time - later became Pa Kua Chang Journal) Volume 2, Number 4, published May/June 1992.
Chang Chih-Chiang, third from left in the first row, was the Principal of the Nanjing Chung Yang Kuo Shu Kuan. Wang Tzu-P'ing, first row far left, was in charge of the Shaolin training at the school.
In 1927, the leaders of the Nationalist Government of China, along with a number of prominent martial artists (including Chang Chih-Chiang - Chang Chih-Chiang was an exceptional military man and was the military governor (tu t'ung) of Chahar prior to the establishment of the Nationalist Government in July of 1925), supported the establishment of a Central Martial Arts Academy. Chang Chih-Chiang had promoted martial arts training among his troops. He believed that "strengthening oneself strengthens the race and protecting oneself protects the country." The government saw that the Chinese people were generally weak and unable to protect themselves. Their goal was to establish a centralized martial arts academy in order to help spread and develop martial arts, unify teaching materials, publish martial arts books and periodicals, further develop Chinese martial arts, and train a crop of teachers who would spread martial arts training throughout China in order to "make martial arts common in all walks of life."
In December 1927 the government opened the Martial Arts Research Facility in Nanjing. By March 1928, they had acquired sufficient funds to get the school on its feet and changed the name to Chung Yang Kuo Shu Kuan (Central Martial Arts Academy). Chang Chih-Chiang was elected Principal of the school. The first class at the school was for instructors only. Later, branch schools were opened in other provinces.
Chang Chih-Chiang's firm belief in the cultivation of a strong body and sharp mind was undoubtedly forged in his years as an officer in Feng Yu-Hsiang's army. His goal was to not only produce well educated, talented martial arts instructors at the school, but to also bring the top level martial artist in the country together so that they could share experiences and research Chinese martial arts, to raise the level of practical skills and teaching methods. Chinese martial arts not only benefited from spread of martial arts by the instructors that graduated from the school, but also from the number of books and reference material that the school published.
When the Nanjing Martial Arts Academy was opened in 1928, martial arts instruction was not generally part of the curriculum in Chinese universities or high schools. Martial arts and scholarly pursuits were not generally mixed together and martial arts instructors and practitioners, for the most part, were thought to be uneducated second class citizens. While physical education was taught in high schools and universities, martial arts was looked down upon by the academic and athletic community. In 1934, a survey revealed that of the 24 books published in China on high school athletics, only 7% of the material related to martial arts. While some universities listed martial arts programs in their curriculum, typically the classes were not offered due to lack of available teachers. Those schools that did offer martial arts lacked theory or real content in the instruction and the students rarely practiced enough to get anywhere. The Nanjing school was quite different.
When the Nanjing Martial Arts Academy was founded, the government called on all martial arts teachers to help the country and teach their art at the school. Many of the instructors responded. Some came to teach at the Nanjing school while others taught at the provincial schools. The schools curriculum was divided into two main categories, Shaolin styles (which included Shaolin boxing, Cha Ch'uan, Tan T'ui, and Pa Chi) and Wu Tang styles (which included T'ai Chi Ch'uan, Hsing-I Ch'uan, Pa Kua Chang, and Liu Ho Pa Fa). When the school was founded, Wang Tzu-P'ing was head of the Shaolin systems (current as of the time this article was written, Wang's daughter, Wang Ju-Rong, and granddaughter Grace Wu, live and teach in the United States) and Kao Cheng-Tung was head of the Wu Tang systems. Other instructors who taught at the Nanjing school included Yang Ch'eng-Fu (T'ai Chi Ch'uan), Wu Chin-Shan (Pa Kua, T'ai Chi), Sun Lu-Tang (Pa Kua) Ma Hong-Tu (Pa Chi), Yang Sung-Shan (Tan Tuei), Sun Yu-Ming (Cha Ch'uan), Wu I-Hui (Liu Ho Pa Fa), Fu Chen-Sung (Pa Kua), Yin Yu-Chang (Pa Kua), Chiang Jung-Ch'aio (Pa Kua, Hsing-I, T'ai Chi), Huang Po-Nien (Hsing-I, Pa Kua), Wang Yuen-Pung (Tuei Fa), and Ma Hsin-Yun (Pao Ting Suei Chiao). Some of the founders of the schools at the provincial level included: Ch'en P'an-Ling in Henan; Niu Yun-Chien in Kiang Su; Li Hun-Kun in Sichuan; Wan Lai-Sheng in Hunan; and Li Ching-Lin in Shantung.
The Central Martial Arts Academy followed the Nationalist government from Nanjing to Chung King in 1943. The school was closed in 1947.
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Last updated - 01/16/2008
Note: The following information and photograph is taken from the article titled "Jiang Hao-Quan and Ch'uan Shih Pa Kua Chang". The article was the feature of the Pa Kua Chang Newsletter (at that time - later became Pa Kua Chang Journal) Volume 2, Number 4, published May/June 1992.
In 1927, the leaders of the Nationalist Government of China, along with a number of prominent martial artists (including Chang Chih-Chiang - Chang Chih-Chiang was an exceptional military man and was the military governor (tu t'ung) of Chahar prior to the establishment of the Nationalist Government in July of 1925), supported the establishment of a Central Martial Arts Academy. Chang Chih-Chiang had promoted martial arts training among his troops. He believed that "strengthening oneself strengthens the race and protecting oneself protects the country." The government saw that the Chinese people were generally weak and unable to protect themselves. Their goal was to establish a centralized martial arts academy in order to help spread and develop martial arts, unify teaching materials, publish martial arts books and periodicals, further develop Chinese martial arts, and train a crop of teachers who would spread martial arts training throughout China in order to "make martial arts common in all walks of life."
In December 1927 the government opened the Martial Arts Research Facility in Nanjing. By March 1928, they had acquired sufficient funds to get the school on its feet and changed the name to Chung Yang Kuo Shu Kuan (Central Martial Arts Academy). Chang Chih-Chiang was elected Principal of the school. The first class at the school was for instructors only. Later, branch schools were opened in other provinces.
Chang Chih-Chiang's firm belief in the cultivation of a strong body and sharp mind was undoubtedly forged in his years as an officer in Feng Yu-Hsiang's army. His goal was to not only produce well educated, talented martial arts instructors at the school, but to also bring the top level martial artist in the country together so that they could share experiences and research Chinese martial arts, to raise the level of practical skills and teaching methods. Chinese martial arts not only benefited from spread of martial arts by the instructors that graduated from the school, but also from the number of books and reference material that the school published.
When the Nanjing Martial Arts Academy was opened in 1928, martial arts instruction was not generally part of the curriculum in Chinese universities or high schools. Martial arts and scholarly pursuits were not generally mixed together and martial arts instructors and practitioners, for the most part, were thought to be uneducated second class citizens. While physical education was taught in high schools and universities, martial arts was looked down upon by the academic and athletic community. In 1934, a survey revealed that of the 24 books published in China on high school athletics, only 7% of the material related to martial arts. While some universities listed martial arts programs in their curriculum, typically the classes were not offered due to lack of available teachers. Those schools that did offer martial arts lacked theory or real content in the instruction and the students rarely practiced enough to get anywhere. The Nanjing school was quite different.
When the Nanjing Martial Arts Academy was founded, the government called on all martial arts teachers to help the country and teach their art at the school. Many of the instructors responded. Some came to teach at the Nanjing school while others taught at the provincial schools. The schools curriculum was divided into two main categories, Shaolin styles (which included Shaolin boxing, Cha Ch'uan, Tan T'ui, and Pa Chi) and Wu Tang styles (which included T'ai Chi Ch'uan, Hsing-I Ch'uan, Pa Kua Chang, and Liu Ho Pa Fa). When the school was founded, Wang Tzu-P'ing was head of the Shaolin systems (current as of the time this article was written, Wang's daughter, Wang Ju-Rong, and granddaughter Grace Wu, live and teach in the United States) and Kao Cheng-Tung was head of the Wu Tang systems. Other instructors who taught at the Nanjing school included Yang Ch'eng-Fu (T'ai Chi Ch'uan), Wu Chin-Shan (Pa Kua, T'ai Chi), Sun Lu-Tang (Pa Kua) Ma Hong-Tu (Pa Chi), Yang Sung-Shan (Tan Tuei), Sun Yu-Ming (Cha Ch'uan), Wu I-Hui (Liu Ho Pa Fa), Fu Chen-Sung (Pa Kua), Yin Yu-Chang (Pa Kua), Chiang Jung-Ch'aio (Pa Kua, Hsing-I, T'ai Chi), Huang Po-Nien (Hsing-I, Pa Kua), Wang Yuen-Pung (Tuei Fa), and Ma Hsin-Yun (Pao Ting Suei Chiao). Some of the founders of the schools at the provincial level included: Ch'en P'an-Ling in Henan; Niu Yun-Chien in Kiang Su; Li Hun-Kun in Sichuan; Wan Lai-Sheng in Hunan; and Li Ching-Lin in Shantung.
The Central Martial Arts Academy followed the Nationalist government from Nanjing to Chung King in 1943. The school was closed in 1947.
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Click to subscribe to Jiang_Hao-Quan_Chinese_Martial_Arts
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